CRES - Connecticut Real Estate Salesperson

Question 1: An examiner notes that before a subdivision can be broken into numbered lots, the whole parcel must first be surveyed. As a result, every lot-and-block description ultimately rests on which prior underlying description of the larger original tract?

Another recorded plat map

A street address only

A Torrens certificate

Metes-and-bounds or rectangular survey

Question 2: Three people hold a New Haven property as joint tenants, and one of them sells her one-third interest to an unrelated outside buyer without telling the other two owners. Which statement BEST describes the ownership status after that sale is completed?

The buyer becomes a tenant in common

All three remain joint tenants

The joint tenancy is fully destroyed

The buyer gains right of survivorship

Question 3: A tenant vacates a Norwalk shop but leaves behind a bolted counter that qualified as a trade fixture, never removing it before the lease expired. By what legal principle does the landlord acquire ownership of that abandoned trade fixture?

Severance

Annexation

Accession

Emblements

Question 4: A Greenwich family transfers their home into an arrangement where a trustee holds legal title and manages the property solely for the benefit of the family's children, who are named as the beneficiaries. Which form of ownership does this transfer establish?

Joint tenancy

A life estate

Ownership by an estate

Ownership in trust

Question 5: Under the rectangular survey system, when horizontal township lines and vertical range lines intersect, they form the basic square unit that measures six miles on each side. Which term names this basic square unit of the government survey?

A township

A section

A range

A tier

Question 6: Residents of a New Haven building do not hold deeds to their apartments; instead each owns shares in the corporation that holds title to the whole building and signs a proprietary lease for a unit. Which ownership form is this?

A condominium

A timeshare

A cooperative

A planned unit development

Question 7: In an older metes-and-bounds description, the surveyor relies on fixed objects such as iron pins, stones and a creek to mark corners, and their actual positions take precedence over the stated footage. Which term names these fixed boundary markers?

Benchmarks

Air lots

Ranges

Monuments

Question 8: Two siblings take title to a Greenwich home as joint tenants, receiving equal shares in the same deed at the same time. When one sibling dies, the survivor automatically absorbs the deceased's interest outside of probate. Which distinguishing feature produces this result?

The right of partition

Undivided fractional shares

The right of survivorship

The unity of possession

Question 9: A description of an irregular colonial lot begins at a fixed marker, runs by compass directions and distances past several monuments, and closes back at the same starting corner. Which method of legal description is being used here?

Lot and block

Rectangular survey

Recorded plat map

Metes and bounds

Question 10: An investor notes that while soil can be removed and the surface reshaped, the geographic location of a West Hartford parcel can never be relocated elsewhere. Which physical characteristic of land captures this fixed, unmovable geographic position of the ground?

Immobility

Indestructibility

Nonhomogeneity

Situs

Question 11: Two identical colonials sit on opposite sides of a river, yet the one with the better downtown view and reputation commands a higher price. This reflects an economic characteristic often called location, location, location. Which characteristic explains the price gap?

Scarcity

Area preference, or situs

Permanence of investment

Immobility

Question 12: An owner of shoreline property along Long Island Sound in Old Saybrook enjoys rights to use and access the water where it meets the land. Which term describes the water rights belonging to an owner whose land borders a large, non-flowing body of water?

Littoral rights

Riparian rights

Prior appropriation rights

Percolating rights

Question 13: A landowner sells the surface of a large inland parcel to a builder but keeps ownership of the coal, oil, and gas lying beneath it, along with the right to extract them. Which separately conveyable right has the seller retained?

Air rights

Riparian rights

Littoral rights

Subsurface or mineral rights

Question 14: A tenant farmer plants and tends corn on leased acreage, and the parties dispute whether that growing crop is real estate or the farmer's personal property when the land is sold. Which term names annually cultivated crops treated as personalty?

Fructus naturales

Fixtures

Emblements

Appurtenances

Question 15: An owner of a Hartford colonial dies, and the heirs want to sell quickly, but the estate must first pass through court supervision that confirms the will and authorizes transfer of the deceased owner's real property. Which process temporarily clouds marketability here?

Escheat

Probate

Partition

Foreclosure

Question 16: A restaurateur leasing space in a Stamford strip center installs dining booths and a bolted-down oven to run the business, planning to take them when the lease ends. Which term best describes these business items attached by a commercial tenant?

Ordinary fixtures

Emblements

Trade fixtures

Appurtenances

Question 17: For many years a Stamford resident has openly fenced, mowed, and used a strip of the vacant lot next door without the record owner's permission, acting as though it were her own. Which doctrine could eventually let her claim legal title?

Adverse possession

Prescriptive easement

Encroachment

Constructive eviction

Question 18: When courts apply the legal tests for whether an item has become a fixture, several factors are weighed, including method of attachment and adaptability. Instructors say one factor is considered the most important consideration overall. Which factor carries that greatest weight?

Method of annexation

Adaptability to the use

Agreement of the parties

Intention of the party

Question 19: After a violent mudslide near a Bridgeport hillside parcel, a large portion of an owner's soil is carried away suddenly rather than worn down over years. Which term describes this sudden loss of land caused by an act of nature?

Erosion

Accretion

Avulsion

Accession

Question 20: A utility company holds a recorded right to run power lines across a Norwalk parcel, but the benefit belongs to the company itself as a business rather than to any neighboring tract of land. Which type of easement does this arrangement create?

An easement in gross

An easement appurtenant

A prescriptive easement

An easement by necessity

CRES Connecticut Real Estate Salesperson - Set 2 - Part 1

Question 1: An examiner notes that before a subdivision can be broken into numbered lots, the whole parcel must first be surveyed. As a result, every lot-and-block description ultimately rests on which prior underlying description of the larger original tract?

Question 2: Three people hold a New Haven property as joint tenants, and one of them sells her one-third interest to an unrelated outside buyer without telling the other two owners. Which statement BEST describes the ownership status after that sale is completed?

Question 3: A tenant vacates a Norwalk shop but leaves behind a bolted counter that qualified as a trade fixture, never removing it before the lease expired. By what legal principle does the landlord acquire ownership of that abandoned trade fixture?

Question 4: A Greenwich family transfers their home into an arrangement where a trustee holds legal title and manages the property solely for the benefit of the family's children, who are named as the beneficiaries. Which form of ownership does this transfer establish?

Question 5: Under the rectangular survey system, when horizontal township lines and vertical range lines intersect, they form the basic square unit that measures six miles on each side. Which term names this basic square unit of the government survey?

Question 6: Residents of a New Haven building do not hold deeds to their apartments; instead each owns shares in the corporation that holds title to the whole building and signs a proprietary lease for a unit. Which ownership form is this?

Question 7: In an older metes-and-bounds description, the surveyor relies on fixed objects such as iron pins, stones and a creek to mark corners, and their actual positions take precedence over the stated footage. Which term names these fixed boundary markers?

Question 8: Two siblings take title to a Greenwich home as joint tenants, receiving equal shares in the same deed at the same time. When one sibling dies, the survivor automatically absorbs the deceased's interest outside of probate. Which distinguishing feature produces this result?

Question 9: A description of an irregular colonial lot begins at a fixed marker, runs by compass directions and distances past several monuments, and closes back at the same starting corner. Which method of legal description is being used here?

Question 10: An investor notes that while soil can be removed and the surface reshaped, the geographic location of a West Hartford parcel can never be relocated elsewhere. Which physical characteristic of land captures this fixed, unmovable geographic position of the ground?

Question 11: Two identical colonials sit on opposite sides of a river, yet the one with the better downtown view and reputation commands a higher price. This reflects an economic characteristic often called location, location, location. Which characteristic explains the price gap?

Question 12: An owner of shoreline property along Long Island Sound in Old Saybrook enjoys rights to use and access the water where it meets the land. Which term describes the water rights belonging to an owner whose land borders a large, non-flowing body of water?

Question 13: A landowner sells the surface of a large inland parcel to a builder but keeps ownership of the coal, oil, and gas lying beneath it, along with the right to extract them. Which separately conveyable right has the seller retained?

Question 14: A tenant farmer plants and tends corn on leased acreage, and the parties dispute whether that growing crop is real estate or the farmer's personal property when the land is sold. Which term names annually cultivated crops treated as personalty?

Question 15: An owner of a Hartford colonial dies, and the heirs want to sell quickly, but the estate must first pass through court supervision that confirms the will and authorizes transfer of the deceased owner's real property. Which process temporarily clouds marketability here?

Question 16: A restaurateur leasing space in a Stamford strip center installs dining booths and a bolted-down oven to run the business, planning to take them when the lease ends. Which term best describes these business items attached by a commercial tenant?

Question 17: For many years a Stamford resident has openly fenced, mowed, and used a strip of the vacant lot next door without the record owner's permission, acting as though it were her own. Which doctrine could eventually let her claim legal title?

Question 18: When courts apply the legal tests for whether an item has become a fixture, several factors are weighed, including method of attachment and adaptability. Instructors say one factor is considered the most important consideration overall. Which factor carries that greatest weight?

Question 19: After a violent mudslide near a Bridgeport hillside parcel, a large portion of an owner's soil is carried away suddenly rather than worn down over years. Which term describes this sudden loss of land caused by an act of nature?

Question 20: A utility company holds a recorded right to run power lines across a Norwalk parcel, but the benefit belongs to the company itself as a business rather than to any neighboring tract of land. Which type of easement does this arrangement create?

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